·非遗百问·

    97.“闽台送王船”中“王爷”是谁？其信俗活动包括哪些内容？

答：“王爷”起源之说颇多，以王爷是代表天帝巡按人间善恶的大神之说为著，供奉王爷的庙宇多称“代天府”，亦称王爷为“代天巡狩”。闽台送王船是福建省厦门市沿海村落保留的王爷信仰民间习俗。“王爷”信仰广泛流传于闽南沿海及台湾渔村。厦门市同安区西柯镇吕厝村华藏庵内向王爷求“药签”信俗在闽南颇有影响。

送王船是送瘟祈福的民间信俗仪式，清康熙年间成书的《台海使槎录》卷二载：“三年王船，备物建醮。”各地送王船活动时间不一，大多是三四年举行一次，通过掷筊在农历固定月份确定某一日举行仪式。预先制造木或纸的王船一艘，请出王爷，载上各项生活用品，由信众簇拥，鼓乐相随，送至海边焚烧。

Q97.Who is the King as in the Bid Farewell to the King’ Ship ritual? What folk activities are there in the worship of him?

Answer: Among the many explanations of the King’s identity, the most prevalent one is that he is the god helping the Heavenly Emperor out in the secular world, as implicated by most of his temples’ names and his alia name. Bid Farewell to the King’ Ship is a custom of many coastal villages in Xiamen. The King worship is widely spread in coastal villages in Southern Fujian and Taiwan. Many Southern Fujian residents go to Huazang temple in Lǚcuo village of Xiamen to seek medical prescriptions from the King.

Bid Farewell to the King’ Ship is a ritual aiming at dispelling plagues and praying for happiness. Dates for the ritual are varied at different places. Most places hold the ritual every three or four years on a fixed lunar date decided by lot drawing. On the ritual, the King is invited to board on a premade ship loaded with articles for daily use. Then the ship is escorted to the seaside and burnt.

闽台送王船习俗（闽南和台湾地区）

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