·非遗百问·

92.霞浦畲族婚俗的民俗活动有哪些内容？

答：霞浦畲族婚俗包含畲族的民歌、舞蹈、民间信仰和历史传说，有着丰富的思想内涵和民族特色，是畲族文化得以代代传承的重要载体。

霞浦畲族婚俗的内涵与特色表现在：仪式隆重而讲究，由议婚、订婚、做表姐、做亲家伯、成亲五大部分构成。在婚礼中，畲歌贯穿于婚俗的始终，从中可以窥见畲族的传统习俗、人生礼仪及历史故事。以歌定情，男女双方通过唱歌、对歌而产生爱情；以歌会亲，出嫁前有“做表姐”的陪客唱歌特殊风俗，时间短则半个月，长则三个月，借探望亲戚为名来学歌对歌；以歌完婚，有“做亲家伯”的歌俗，即男方在成亲前两天，请一名出色歌手作“亲家伯”到女家，“亲家伯”既要依循规矩，又要机灵老成，善于应对；婚宴散后进行热闹的会歌。婚礼上的“做暖房”（亦称“会八仙”）最具民族风味，且歌且舞，展现畲族舞蹈特色。在霞浦畲族婚俗中表现出女性地位高于男性，行婚礼时男跪女不跪，这应与盘瓠传说中女方是高辛帝三公主或凤凰公主有关。 

Q92.What are folk custom activities in the Xiapu She ethnic group’ wedding customs?

Answer: The She ethnic group in Xiapu County organizes abundant activities, including folk song singing, dancing, legends, for the marrying couples.

The local wedding customs, imbued with the people’s traditions, are an important tool for passing on its culture.  The She wedding customs feature a series of complicated procedures, which can be categorized into pre-engagement discussions, engagement ceremony, cousin visits, uncle-in-law visits and wedding ceremony. Singing is sole of She wedding customs. The couple gets to know each other through singing. Before the wedding ceremony, the bride shall visit relatives as a cousin and learn singing from them – this will last half a month to three months; about 2 days before the wedding, the broom must invite a tactful singer to visit the bride’s family as an uncle-in-law; after the wedding banquet, guests and hosts sing together. The housewarming procedure on the wedding ceremony is the most impressive part, where people sing and dance. On the ceremony, the broom must kneel down while the bride doesn’t, implying a higher status of women than men. This might be linked with the people’s Panhu folk lore, in which the bride is a princess.

畲族婚俗（宁德市）

（图片来源于福建省艺术馆——省非遗中心官网）