·非遗百问·

89.福州茉莉花茶窨制工艺的历史渊源及制作工艺特点是什么？

答：据载，汉代时福州便已开始种植茉莉花。北宋时，中医局方学派发现，茉莉花有安神、舒郁、中和下气的功效，茉莉花茶因此诞生。清咸丰（1851—1861）年间，福州花茶外销兴盛，宫廷也偏爱茉莉花，遂成贡茶。“茉莉花茶”是中国特有，尤以福州窨制者最为著名。福州茉莉花茶香味浓烈而持久，茶汤滋味醇厚，香而不浮，爽而不浊，是花茶中之佼佼者。咸丰年间，城门镇傅继联用祖传窨制工艺制作茉莉花茶，成为远近闻名的手工艺人。他的花茶窨制工艺薪火相传，经过几代人的努力，工艺日臻成熟。

福州茉莉花茶是以精制的绿茶茶坯和优质茉莉花为原材料，经过茶坯处理、鲜花养护、茶花拌和、堆窨、通花、收堆、起花、烘焙、冷却、转窨或提花、匀堆、装箱等工艺程序精制而成。茉莉花茶窨制过程主要是让鲜花吐香和茶坯吸香，进而加工窨制而成茉莉花茶。

截至目前，福州茉莉花茶窨制工艺的国家级传承人有：陈成忠。

Q89.What are the history and the technical features of Fuzhou jasmine tea craft?

Answer: It’s recorded that Fuzhou started planting jasmine in the Han dynasty. Ancient men called jasmine the heavenly fragrance for its unique and fresh smell. In the Northern Song period, Fang Xuepai, a doctor, discovered the soothing effect of jasmine. Fuzhou has an environment suitable for jasmine, leading to the birth of jasmine tea. In the Qing Emperor Xianfeng’s period, Fuzhou was a large seller of flower tea. The royal court’s favor for jasmine tea made it a tribute. Jasmine tea is unique to China and the most famous ones made in Fuzhou, known for the long-lasting smell and rich taste. In 1851—1861, Fu Jilian of Chengmen township became a renowned jasmine tea maker by using an inherited process. After several generations’ continued effort on improving the process, it has been further refined.

The raw materials of Fuzhou jasmine tea are prepared green tea base and high quality jasmine blossoms. The tea base is mixed with jasmine blossoms and stored for hours, so that the tea can abort the fragrance of the flower. Then they go through other procedures like baking, cooling, blending and packaging and become jasmine tea.

The current national level inheritor of Fuzhou Jasmine tea craft is Chen Chengzhong. 

花茶制作技艺（福州茉莉花茶䆵制工艺  福州市）

（图片来源于福建省艺术馆——省非遗中心官网）