·非遗百问·

79.福州脱胎漆器髹饰技艺的历史渊源及制作工艺特点是什么？

答：福州脱胎漆艺源于中国 2000多年的漆艺，与江西景德镇瓷器、北京景泰蓝并称中国三大著名手工艺品。福州脱胎漆器髹饰技艺的艺术风格在乾嘉（1736—1820）时代已经成熟，创始人沈绍安发掘技法，在脱胎成型和表层髹漆技术方面独树一帜，形成工艺精良、造型品种繁多、质地轻巧、色彩瑰丽、光亮如镜的特色，在中国漆器行业中占据重要地位，多次在世界博览会上获奖。 

沈氏脱胎漆艺在脱胎成型和表层髹漆方面具有鲜明的技艺特点，制作时采用布坯或木坯，经上灰、打磨、髹饰、黑推光、色推光等工序后，再用彩漆晕金、锦纹、朱漆描金、台花嵌螺钿等技法加以装饰。

截至目前，福州脱胎漆器髹饰技艺的国家级传承人有：郑益坤、黄时忠、郑修钤。 

Q79. What is the historical origin of Fuzhou Bodiless Lacquerware Skills and its artistic characteristics?

Answer:Fuzhou Bodiless Lacquerware Skills originated from China’s lacquer art over 2,000 years ago, and it ranks top three renowned handicrafts together with porcelain made in Jingdezhen of Jiangxi and cloisonné of Beijing. The art styles of Fuzhou Bodiless Lacquerware Skills matured during the reign of Qianlong and Jiaqing emperors of the Qing Dynasty. Shen Shao’an, inventer of such skills, contributed to the quality, delicate features of the produces, which won awards several times in the world expos.

 Shen created the Fuzhou Bodiless Lacquerware Skills on the basis of lacquer coating techniques invented thousands of years ago.

As of today, the national inheritors of Fuzhou Bodiless Lacquerware Skills include Zheng Yikun, Huang Shizhong and Zheng Xiuqian.

福州脱胎漆器髹饰技艺（福州市）

（图片来源于福建省艺术馆——省非遗中心官网）